Alemanya

bangsa king Kalibudtarang Europa
(Miyalis direksiun manibat king Germany)

Ing Alemanya (Aleman: Deutschland), ing aus opisial Republikang Federal ning Alemania(Aleman: Bundesrepublik Deutschland ), metung yang bangsa king Kalibudtang Europa. Ing sepu na king pangulu iyapin ing Pangulung Dayat Malat, Denmark, at ing Dayat Malat ning Baltic, king aslagan ing Poland at ing Czech Republika, king mauli ing Austria at Switzerland, at king albugan ing France, Luxembourg, Belgium at ing Netherlands.

Federal Republic of Germany
Bundesrepublik Deutschland
Pambangsang Dalit: "Das Lied der Deutschen" (third stanza)
also called "Einigkeit und Recht und Freiheit"
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Tungku (Sentru/Sidduan)Berlin
52°31′N 13°24′E / 52.517, 13.4
Pekamaragul a lakanbalen capital
Kikilalanan a amanu Aleman
Kikilalanan a panglabuad amanu Danes, Baju Aleman, Sorbianu, Romani, Frisun
Demonym German
Gubiernu Parliamentary Federal Republic
 -  President Horst Köhler
 -  Chancellor Angela Merkel (CDU)
Formation 843 
 -  Eastern Francia 843 
 -  Holy Roman Empire 962 
 -  German Confederation 8 June 1815 
 -  German Empire 18 January 1871 
 -  Federal Republic 23 May 1949 
 -  Reunification 3 October 1990 
Lualas
 -  Kaganapan/Kabilugan 357,021 km2 (63rd)
137,847 sq mi 
 -  Danuman (%) 2.416
Populasiun
 -  Dec. 2006 mga 82,314,900[1] (14th)
 -  2000 census 82,797,408 (July 2000 est.) 
 -  Pangasiksik 230.9/km2 (50th)
598/sq mi
GDP (PPP) 2006 mga
 -  Kaganapan/Kabilugan $2.585 trillion (5th)
 -  Balang katau $31,400 (17th)
GDP (nominal) 2006 estimate
 -  Total $2.89 trillion (3rd)
 -  Per capita $35,072 (19th)
Gini (2000) 28.3 (low
HDI (2018) 0,936 (high) (5th)
Pera Euro () (EUR)
Time zone CET (UTC+1)
 -  Summer (DST) CEST (UTC+2)
Internet TLD .de
Calling code 49
1 Danish, Low German, Sorbian, Romany and Frisian are officially recognized and protected by the ECRML.

Ing Germany metung yang democratic parliamentaryung federal republika, a atin 16 states, at nung nu neng misan timawa lang gagalo lual ning federasyun. Keng kasalesalayan, deti dakal lang timawang bangsa a atin sariling amlat, kalinangan, kasalpantayanan, ing Germany pisantmetung la bilang bangsang state inyang Franco-Prussian Labanan inyang 1870/1871.

Ing Republikang Federal ning Germany kayanib ya kareng Pisanmetung a Bangsa, NATO, deng G8 at deng G4 nations, at metung ya kareng mengatatag keng Pisanmetung a Europa. Iti ing peka-marakal diling tau at pekamasikan karas keng pamagsiasat a bangsa. Ing Germany kabilang ya naman kareng peka-masikan (major power) keti yatu.


The Holy Roman Empire of the German Nation (843–1806)

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Ding prince-elector ning Holy Roman Empire. Ibat Bildatlas der Deutschen Geschichte by Dr Paul Knötel (1895)

Restoration and revolution (1814–1871)

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Ing dalan da reng magaral papuntang 1817
Frankfurt Parliament inyang 1848/49

German Empire (1871–1918)

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Pangatatag ning makabayung Germany, Versailles, 1871. Y Bismarck makamaputi atiu king libutad.
Pun bulung: German Empire

Weimar Republic (1919–1933)

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Pun bulung: Weimar Republic

Third Reich (1933–1945)

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Pun bulung: Nazi Germany
File:Reichstagfire.jpg
Ing Reichstag api iya ing meging mitsa ning pangatatag ning Nazi Germany.

Division and reunification (1945–1990)

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Ding zonang makasakup inyang 1945.

Geografia

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States ning Aleman
 
Mapa ning Aleman

Federal States (Bundesländer)

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Ing Germany makadake yang bilang labingananm a states (king German ausan da lang Länder, metung Land; keraklan Bundesländer, metung Bundesland). At iti midake la pang 439 a district (Kreise) at lakanbalen (kreisfreie Städte) (2004).

Ding limang pekamaragul a lakanbalen king Aleman (populasiun agpang inyang Marsu 31 2005):

  1. Berlin(tungku ning germany) a ating 3,391,407 pakatuknang
  2. Hamburg a ating 1,736,752 pakatuknang
  3. Munich a ating 1,397,537 pakatuknang
  4. Cologne a ating 975,907 pakatuknang
  5. Frankfurt am Main a ating 657,126 pakatuknang

Ding limang pekamaragul a karinan king Germany (populasyun agpang inyang Eneru 1 2005):

  1. Rhein-Ruhr a ating 11,785,196 pakatuknang
  2. Rhein-Main a ating 5,822,383 pakatuknang
  3. Berlin a ating 4,262,480 pakatuknang
  4. Hamburg a ating 3,278,635 pakatuknang
  5. Stuttgart a ating 2,344,989 pakatuknang
In English Auf Deutsch
Federal State Tungku Bundesland Hauptstadt
1 Baden-Württemberg Stuttgart Baden-Württemberg Stuttgart
2 (Free State of) Bavaria Munich (Freistaat) Bayern München
3 Berlin Berlin Berlin Berlin
4 Brandenburg Potsdam Brandenburg Potsdam
5 (Free Hanseatic City of) Bremen Bremen (Freie Hansestadt) Bremen Bremen
6 (Free and Hanseatic City of) Hamburg Hamburg (Freie und Hansestadt) Hamburg Hamburg
7 Hesse Wiesbaden Hessen Wiesbaden
8 Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania Schwerin Mecklenburg-Vorpommern Schwerin
9 Lower Saxony Hanover Niedersachsen Hannover
10 North Rhine-Westphalia Düsseldorf Nordrhein-Westfalen Düsseldorf
11 Rhineland-Palatinate Mainz Rheinland-Pfalz Mainz
12 Saarland Saarbrücken Saarland Saarbrücken
13 (Free State of) Saxony Dresden (Freistaat) Sachsen Dresden
14 Saxony-Anhalt Magdeburg Sachsen-Anhalt Magdeburg
15 Schleswig-Holstein Kiel Schleswig-Holstein Kiel
16 (Free State of) Thuringia Erfurt (Freistaat) Thüringen Erfurt


Territoriu

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River Rhine valley

Administratibung pangadake

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Ing Germany midake ya at meging yang labing anam a states (Länder, singular Land; commonly Bundesländer, singular Bundesland). At iti midake ya pa at meging lang 439 distritu (Kreise, singular Kreis) at lakanbalen (kreisfreie Städte) (2004).

State Tungku Area Populasyun
Baden-Württemberg Stuttgart 35,752 km² 10,717,000
Bayern München 70,549 km² 12,444,000
Berlin Berlin 892 km² 3,400,000
Brandenburg Potsdam 29,477 km² 2,568,000
Bremen Bremen 404 km² 663,000
Hamburg Hamburg 755 km² 1,735,000
Hesse Wiesbaden 21,115 km² 6,098,000
Mecklenburg-Vorpommern Schwerin 23,174 km² 1,720,000
Niedersachsen Hannover 47,618 km² 8,001,000
Nordrhein-Westfalen Düsseldorf 34,043 km² 18,075,000
Rheinland-Pfalz Mainz 19,847 km² 4,061,000
Saarland Saarbrücken 2,569 km² 1,056,000
Sachsen Dresden 18,416 km² 4,296,000
Sachsen-Anhalt Magdeburg 20,445 km² 2,494,000
Schleswig-Holstein Kiel 15,763 km² 2,829,000
Thüringen Erfurt 16,172 km² 2,355,000


Suglung Palwal

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Template:Cookbook

Ding daleráyan

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  • Jean Edward Smith, Germany Beyond The Wall: People, Politics, and Prosperity, Boston: Little, Brown, & Company, 1969.
  • Jean Edward Smith, Lucius D. Clay: An American Life, New York: Henry, Holt, & Company, 1990.
  • Jean Edward Smith, The Defense Of Berlin, Baltimore: Johns Hopkins Press, 1963.
  • Jean Edward Smith, The Papers Of Lucius D. Clay, 2 Vols., Bloomington, Indiana: Indiana University Press, 1974.
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