Nelson Mandela

I Nelson Rolihlahla Mandela (IPA: [xoˈliːɬaɬa manˈdeːla]) (18 Julio 1918 – 5 Diciembre 2013) metung yang Mauling Aprikanung rebolusyonaryung kontra-apartheid a mekulung, at kaybat meging pulitikung migsilbi antimong Pamuntuk ning Mauling Aprika manibat 1994 anggang 1999. Ya ing mumunang matuling a South African a lukluk king pwestung ita, ampo ing mumunang miyalal king pangkabilugan a alalan a ganap a manalal pekakatawan. Tinutuk ya ing kayang kapamahalan king pamangalag king pamana ning apartheid kapamilata'ning pamanyamasan king makutkut ampong makabalangkas king sistemang rasismu o mababa paglalawe ampong pamanuring kareng e maputi, kakalulwan, ampong e pamipante-pante, ampo ing pamipalaganap king pamikasundu da reng lahi. King pulitika, metung yang nasyonalistang Aprikanu ampong nasyonalistang demokratiku, at migsilbi yang Pamuntuk ning African National Congress]] (ANC) manibat 1991 anggang 1997. King internasyunal a pamiugnayan, i Mandela ing Pangkabilugang Kalihim (Secretary General) ning Pangimut a Alang Papanigan (Secretary General of the Non-Aligned Movement) manibat 1998 anggang 1999.

Nelson Rolihlahla Mandela OM AC CC OJ GCStJ QC GCH BR RSO NPK
I Mandela anyang Mayo 2008
Pamuntuk ning Mauling Aprika
Deputy	Thabo Mbeki F. W. de Klerk
Elilan neng	F. W. de Klerk
Elilan neng	Thabo Mbeki
Mibait	18 Juliu 1918(1918-07-18) Mvezo, Cape Province, South Africa
Mete	5 Disiembri 2013 (maki edad a 95) Houghton, Johannesburg, Mauling Aprika
Lagiu kabait	Rolihlahla Mandela
Bangsa	Mauling Aprikanu
Partido political	African National Congress
Asawa	Evelyn Ntoko Mase (m. 1944–1957; migdiborsyu) Winnie Madikizela (m. 1958–1996; migdiborsyu) Graça Machel (m. 1998–2013; ing kematia'na)
Ának	Template:Plain list
Tuknangan	Houghton Estate, Johannesburg, Gauteng, Mauling Aprika
Pípagaralan	University of Fort Hare University of London External System University of South Africa University of the Witwatersrand
Relihyun	Christianity (Methodism)
Pirma
Karinan king Aptas (Website)	www.nelsonmandela.org

Dalerayan

Bibliography

Battersby, John (2011). "Mandela: The Authorised Biography". in Anthony Sampson. Mandela: The Authorised Biography. London: HarperCollins. pp. 587–610. ISBN 978-0007437979. 

Ellis, Stephen (2011). "The Genesis of the ANC's Armed Struggle in South Africa 1948–1961". Journal of Southern African Studies 37 (4): 657–676. doi:10.1080/03057070.2011.592659. 

Guiloineau, Jean (2002). Nelson Mandela: The Early Life of Rolihlahla Mandiba. Berkeley: North Atlantic Books, 9–26. ISBN 1-55643-417-0. 

Herbst, Jeffrey (2003). "The Making and Unmaking of Democracy: Lessons from History and World Politics". in Theodore K. Rabb, Ezra N. Suleiman. The Making and Unmaking of Democracy: Lessons from History and World Politics. London: Routledge. pp. 206–224. ISBN 978-0415933810. 

Mafela, Munzhedzi James (2008). "Indigenous Biography and Autobiography". in Anna Haebich, Frances Peters-Little, Peter Read. Indigenous Biography and Autobiography. Sydney: Humanities Research Centre, Australian National University. http://epress.anu.edu.au/aborig_history/indigenous_biog/mobile_devices/ch08.html#d0e6318. 

Houston, Gregory; Muthien, Yvonne (2000). "Democracy and Governance Review: Mandela's Legacy 1994–1999". in Yvonne Muthien, Meshack Khosa and Bernard Magubane. Democracy and Governance Review: Mandela's Legacy 1994–1999. Pretoria: Human Sciences Research Council Press. pp. 37–68. ISBN 978-0796919700. 

Kalumba, Kibujjo M. (1995). "The Political Philosophy of Nelson Mandela: A Primer". Journal of Social Philosophy 26 (3): 161–171. doi:10.1111/j.1467-9833.1995.tb00092.x. 

Mandela, Nelson (1994). Long Walk to Freedom Volume I: 1918–1962. Little, Brown and Company. ISBN 978-0754087236. 

Mandela, Nelson [1994] (2004). Long Walk to Freedom Volume II: 1962–1994 (large print edition). London: BBC AudioBooks and Time Warner Books Ltd. ISBN 978-0754087243. 

Muthien, Yvonne; Khosa, Meshack; Magubane, Bernard (2000). "Democracy and Governance Review: Mandela's Legacy 1994–1999". in Yvonne Muthien, Meshack Khosa and Bernard Magubane. Democracy and Governance Review: Mandela's Legacy 1994–1999. Pretoria: Human Sciences Research Council Press. pp. 361–374. ISBN 978-0796919700. 

Meredith, Martin (2010). Mandela: A Biography. New York: PublicAffairs. ISBN 978-1586488321. 

Sampson, Anthony [1999] (2011). Mandela: The Authorised Biography. London: HarperCollins. ISBN 978-0007437979. 

Smith, David James (2010). Young Mandela. London: Weidenfeld & Nicolson. ISBN 978-0297855248. 

Suglung palwal

• Nelson Mandela Centre of Memory
• Nelson Mandela Children's Fund Archived Marsu 4, 2016 at the Wayback Machine
• Mandela: An Audio History
• The Elders
• Nelson Mandela at the Open Directory Project
• Follow the life of Nelson Mandela at CBSnews
• CBC Digital Archives – Nelson Mandela: Prisoner, president, peacemaker
• Nelson Mandela Day – official site

|- style="text-align:center;" |width="30%" align="center" rowspan="1"|Minuna kaya
F. W. de Klerk
as State President of South Africa |width="40%" style="text-align: center;" rowspan="1"|Pamuntuk ning Mauling Aprika
1994–1999 |width="30%" align="center" rowspan="1"| Menalili kaya
Thabo Mbeki |- |- |- ! colspan="3" style="background: #FFBF00;" | Party political offices

|- style="text-align:center;" |width="30%" align="center" rowspan="1"|Minuna kaya
Oliver Tambo |width="40%" style="text-align: center;" rowspan="1"|President of the African National Congress
1991–1997 |width="30%" align="center" rowspan="1"| Menalili kaya
Thabo Mbeki |- |- |width="30%" align="center" rowspan="1"| Elilan neng
{{{after}}} |- |- style="text-align:center;" |width="30%" align="center" rowspan="1"|Minuna kaya
Andrés Pastrana Arango |width="40%" style="text-align: center;" rowspan="1"|Secretary General of Non-Aligned Movement
1998–1999 |width="30%" align="center" rowspan="1"| Menalili kaya
Thabo Mbeki |- |}