Ipan

Deng Ipan, keng amanung English, teeth metung lang balangkas a mayayakit keng panga da reng dakal a vertebrates nung nu magagamit la para pamirasu, panginis at pamalangut keng pamangan. Deng aliwang animal lalu na reng mamangan carni a ausan dang carnivore keng amanung English, gagamitan diya naman ing ipan para paglaban. Deng yamut da ring ipan makapanpan lang gilagid.

Deng ipan ila reng metung a pangilala (at pangmaluatan), da ring mammal. Deng Paleontologists gagamitan do reng ipan para a kilala da la reng miyayaliwang species da reng fossils at ababalu da la reng karelang ugnayan. Ing aske na ning animal atin yang kasapni keng kayang pamamangan. Alimbawa, deng tanaman masakit la lasawan keng dungus at bituka inya deng herbivores dakal la molars para paglangut, kabang den naman carnivores, kailangan de ing pangil para makamate at lapakan de ing laman.

Deng tau diphyodont la, ing kabaldugan na, adua lang ilera deng ipan da. Deng mumunang ilera (ing "bingut," "gatas," "primara" o "deciduous" a ilera) ing ustu magumpisa lang lulual mga anam a bulan a idad, agiang deng aliwa mibabait lang atin metung o aduang mayayakit a ipan, kebaluan keng English bilang neonatal a ipan. Ing pangkaraniwan a pamanubu ning ipan king idad a anam a bulan ausan dang teething mapalyaring masakit para keng metung a bingut.

Deng aliwang animal atin lang metung a ilerang ipan (monophyodont) kabang deng aliwa naman dakal lang ilera(polyphyodont). Deng pating, alimbawa, tutubu lang byung ilera balang kaduang duminggu para alilan la retang mepudpud nang ipan. Deng dagis deng karelang pangil daragul la at mapupudpud la kapilatan ning karelang pamagngatngat, at a mamantini ra ing pane kaba ning ipan.^[1]^[2]

Anatomy mag-edit

Ing pangatlung molar.

Pun bulung: Dental anatomy

Ing dental anatomy iya ing parang ning anatomy makapasuyu keng pamanigaral keng balangkas da reng ipan. Ing pamanalkus, pangayalto, at uri na ning ipan keni la durugpa, dapot ing dental occlusion, o kaya ing pangatagkil eya kayabe. Ing dental anatomy iya mu rin keng taxonomical science nung nu pagaralan da la naman deng pamilagyu at balangkas na ning ipan. Dening kapabaluan mamie lang paralan para masaguli dalang abalu deng ipan at ding karelang balangkas potang panigaralan at uluan dala.

Deng tau keraklan atin lang 20 primerang ipan (a ausan da naman deciduous, bingut, o kaya ipan gatas) at 32 permanenting ipan. Kareng primerang ipan, deng 10 mayayakit la king maxilla at ding aliwang 10 king mandible. Deng ipan makauri la bilang pamirasu (incisors), pangil (canines), at pangiling (molars). Kareng primerang ipan, atin aduang uring pamirasu (o kaya pamirat) kalibudtan at patalindiking, at aduang pangiling, ing mumuna at ing kadua. Deng eganaganang primerang ipan miyayalialan lang kalupa rang permanenting ipan puera mu kareng pangiling, nung nu miyayalilan lang permanenting premolars o bayu pamangiling. Kareng permanenting ipan, deng 16 mayayakit la keng babo panga(maxilla) at ding 16 naman keng lalam panga (mandible). ^[3]

Keraklan kareng ipan atin mayayakit para iti abalu do reng pamialiwa. Dakal la reng pamialaiwa notation systems para idalerya de keng metung a mismung ipan. Deng atlung pangkaraniwan a tuntunan ilapin deng FDI World Dental Federation notation, ing universal numbering system, at ingPalmer notation method. Ing FDI a tuntunan magagamit ya mabilug a yatu, ati ing universal kerkalan magagamit ya king malaparan a United States.

Dake mag-edit

Tabas ning molar ning tau

Enamel mag-edit

Pun bulung: Tooth enamel

Dentin mag-edit

Pun bulung: Dentin

Cementum mag-edit

Pun bulung: Cementum

Pulp mag-edit

Pun bulung: Pulp (tooth)

Dalerayan mag-edit

↑ Tummers M and Thesleff I. Root or crown: a developmental choice orchestrated by the differential regulation of the epithelial stem cell niche in the tooth of two rodent species. Development (2003). 130(6):1049-57.
↑ AM Hunt. A description of the molar teeth and investing tissues of normal guinea pigs. J Dent Res. (1959) 38(2):216-31.
↑ Kokten G, Balcioglu H, Buyukertan M. Supernumerary Fourth and Fifth Molars: A Report of Two Cases. Archived Setyembri 26, 2007 at the Wayback Machine Journal of Contemporary Dental Practice, 2003 November; (4)4:067-076. Page accessed February 10, 2007.